The Stages of Gum Disease: From Gingivitis to Periodontitis

The Stages of Gum Disease: From Gingivitis to Periodontitis

Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common yet preventable oral health issue that affects a significant portion of the population. The progression of gum disease typically occurs in stages, beginning with gingivitis and, if left untreated, advancing to periodontitis. Understanding these stages are crucial for maintaining healthy gums and teeth, as early intervention can prevent further complications. In this blog post, we’ll explore the stages of gum disease and provide tips on how to protect your oral health.

Gingivitis

Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease, characterised by inflammation of the gums. It is primarily caused by the build-up of plaque—a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth. If plaque is not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it can irritate the gums, leading to redness, swelling, and bleeding, especially during brushing or flossing.

The good news is that gingivitis is reversible with proper oral hygiene and professional dental care. Daily brushing (twice a day), flossing, and routine dental check-ups can help treat and prevent gingivitis. However, if left untreated, it can progress to the more serious stage of gum disease: periodontitis.

Early Periodontitis

When gingivitis is not addressed, it can advance to early periodontitis. At this stage, the inflammation spreads to the supporting structures of the teeth, including the bone. The gums may start to pull away from the teeth, forming pockets between the teeth and gums, where plaque and bacteria can accumulate. This can lead to further infection and damage to the bone that holds the teeth in place.

Symptoms of early periodontitis may include persistent bad breath, gum recession, and more noticeable bleeding. Professional dental treatment is essential at this stage to prevent further damage. Treatments may include deep cleaning procedures, such as scaling and root planing, to remove plaque and tartar from below the gum line. However, these procedures work hand-in-hand with home care.

Moderate Periodontitis

As periodontitis progresses, the damage to the gums and bone becomes more severe. In moderate periodontitis, the pockets between the teeth and gums deepen, and the bone loss around the teeth increases. This stage can lead to teeth becoming loose or shifting, which may affect your bite and overall oral function.

At this point, more intensive treatments may be required. In addition to deep cleaning, your dentist may recommend antibiotic therapy to reduce infection and inflammation. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to restore the supportive structures of the teeth.

Advanced Periodontitis

Advanced periodontitis is the final stage of gum disease, where the damage to the gums, bone, and surrounding tissues is extensive. Teeth may become very loose or fall out, and there is a significant risk of tooth loss. Additionally, advanced periodontitis can have a broader impact on your overall health.

Treatment for advanced periodontitis often involves more aggressive approaches, including surgical procedures like bone grafts, soft tissue grafts, or even tooth extraction if the damage is too severe.

Preventing and Managing Gum Disease

The best way to prevent gum disease is through good oral hygiene practices, including brushing twice daily with fluoride toothpaste, flossing daily, and visiting your dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings. If you notice any symptoms of gum disease, such as bleeding gums or bad breath, it’s important to seek professional care immediately.

At Starbright Dental, we are committed to helping you maintain healthy gums and teeth. If you suspect you might be experiencing any stage of gum disease, don’t wait—early intervention is key. Call us today on 07 5591 3620 to book a consultation, or use our online booking system. For more information on gum disease, visit our Gum Disease page.

By taking proactive steps, you can protect your smile and avoid the complications associated with gum disease.